WW+1

1914-1918 "There is no such thing as a man being to proud to fight." --Woodrow Wilson "All quiet on the western front." -- Book wrote by Erich Maria Remarque 10 Links:
 * World War 1 **
 * 1) [|WW1]- This link gives you an overview of the main cuases and effects of World War one along with it and how it effected people all over the world.
 * 2) [|First World War]- This webpage tells you what led up to the War and some of the major people and groups of people that were involved.
 * 3) [|The War]- This page gives you specific information about topics invloving this era in history with detailed descriptions along with video clips to watch.
 * 4) [|Timeline]- This site has a brief overview of what happened in this war along with a timeline that gives you information of what happened at each date written.
 * 5) [|The Great War]- This link has a video about this war along with good descriptions of what happened and it breaks down many aspects of the war that took place.
 * 6) [|The First World War]- This webpage talks about the effects of the war and what great lengths it took to recover from the war along witha timeline of events.
 * 7) [|Trenches on the Web]- This link takes you to a webpage with many different pictures and other peoples take on the war and how it was an effect on todays world.
 * 8) [|WW1 Facts]- this site gives you many different facts that people usually would not know happened durring World War 1 and some that are commonly known facts.
 * 9) [|Casualties]- This site is about some of the first casualties in World War 1 and how they effected some of the outcomes and events that happened durring this time.
 * 10) [|Effects of WW1]- This webpage gives you detailed information about how this war effected places all over the world and how it even effected people in todays world.

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__**People:**__

 * 1. Archduke Francis Ferdinand**: He was the heir to the thrown of Austria-Hungary but on June 28, 1914, 19-year-old Gavrilo Princip murdered him and his wife.
 * 2. Czar Nicholas II**: He ordered a partial mobilization of the Russian army against Austria-Hungary on July 28. In 1914, mobilization was considered an act of war
 * 3. General Alfred von Schlieffen**: He created a German military plan known as the Schlieffen Plan. This plan called for a two-front war with France and Russia who had formed a military alliance.
 * 4. Lawrence of Arabia**: He was a British officer who in 1917, urged Arab princes to revolt against their Ottoman overlords. However, the British forces from Egypt destroyed the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East.
 * 5. Admiral Holtzendorff**: A German officer who once said, “I give your Majesty my word as an officer that not one American will land on the continent.” However the German naval officers turned out to be very wrong.
 * 6. Woodrow Wilson**: The Unites States president at the time. He once said, the men and women “who remain till the soil and man the factories are no less part of the army than the men beneath the battle flags.”
 * 7. Erich von Ludendorff**: He guided German military operations and decided to make a final gamble, which consisted of a grand, offensive in the west to break the military stalemate.
 * 8. Friedrich Ebert**: The leader of the Social Democrats who announced the creation of a democratic republic. Two days later the new German government signed an armistice.
 * 9. David Lloyd George**: The prime minister of Great Britain. He had won a decisive victory in elections in December of 1918. His platform was simple: make the Germans pay for this dreadful war.
 * 10. Georges Clemenceau**: He was the premier of France. He thought that the French people had suffered the most from German aggression. He wanted Germany to be stripped of all weapons, vast German payments, and a separate Rhineland as a buffer state between France and Germany.

__**Vocab:**__

 * Conscription**: A military draft that had been established as a regular practice in most Western countries before 1914. (The United States and Britain were exceptions.)
 * Mobilization**: This is the process of assembling troops and supplies and making them ready for war. In 1914, mobilization was considered an act of war.
 * Propaganda**: Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause. This had worked in stirring up national hatreds before the war.
 * Trench Warfare**: This was the act of digging trenches in the ground for shelter. These trenches were ditches protected by barbed wire.
 * War of attrition**: A war based on wearing the other side down by constant attacks and heavy losses. World War 1 had eventually turned into this.
 * Armistice**: This is a truce or an agreement to end the fighting. On November 11, 1918, the new German government had signed an armistice.
 * Reparations**: Vast payments to cover the costs of the war. France wanted Germany to pay them reparations because they believed they had suffered the most from German aggression.
 * Triple Alliance**: Europe’s great powers had been divided into two loose alliances. The Triple Alliance was formed in 1882 by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
 * Triple Entente**: Europe’s great powers had been divided into two loose alliances. France, Great Britain, and Russia formed the Triple Entente in 1907.
 * Schlieffen Plan**: General Alfred von Schlieffen created this plan. This plan called for a two-front war with France and Russia who had formed an alliance in 1894.
 * Lusitania**: This was a British ship that was sunk by German forces. There were about 1,100 civilian casualties including over 100 Americans.
 * Total War**: This involved complete mobilization of resources and people. It affected the lives of all citizens in the warring countries even if they were far away form the battlefields.
 * Allies**: The countries of Italy, France, Great Britain, and Russia. They formed the Triple Entente but later changed their name to the Allied Powers, or the Allies.
 * No-Mans-Land**: Troops lived in holes in the ground, separated from each other by a strip of territory known as No-Mans-Land.
 * Duds**: This is a shell that fails to explode on impact. The British trench magazine devoted one issue to defining such military terms

**Paragraphs:**

 * There were many different types of warfare’s going on during this war but the one that slowed the war down the most was the Trench Warfare. Trench warfare is when both sides dig trenches, or long holes, across from each other with a big space in the middle called “No man’s land”. This slowed the war down because no one wanted to cross “no man’s land” if they did they would be shot instantly by a machine gun. The only time they would go is when the general would yell the phrase “Over the Top”, which meant to charge over the top of the trench to the enemy’s side. This also was a problem because when the enemy would charge; in front of the trenches were five feet high piles of barbed wire, and they would be caught before they got close.**
 * There were many causes to World War one, like Nationalism, Imperialism, and Militarism. But the one I believe had the biggest impact on World War one is the formation of Alliances. The main Alliances were the Triple Alliance, the Triple Entente, the Satellites, and the Brinkmanship’s. the Triple Alliances was an alliances between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. The Triple Entente was an Alliance between France, England, and Russia. The Satellites were many smaller nations that became allies of larger countries. Brinkmanship meant countries would just threaten to go to war to achieve goal. All of these alliances had a major impact on the war because when one country enters the war another is obligated to join and this goes on and on.**


 * Another major warfare that affected the war was the Naval Warfare. The first time this warfare was used was when the English blockaded the North Sea. They called this the Hunger Blockade, because the Germans could not get the supplies they needed. Another use of the Sea was for Submarines used by the Germans. These Germans Submarines were called U-boats or Unterwasser. These ships shot at any ship that they believed was carrying war materials, this is how the USA got involved. On May 1915 the Lusitania, a English Passenger Liner, was sunk by a U 20. This sinking, caused by the Germans, killed 1200 people and 128 of these people were American. After this event President Woodrow Wilson warned that U.S. would not tolerate these actions.**